ესტონეთის ენობრივი პოლიტიკა

ანოტაცია

Estonian was introduced as the official state language in Estonia after gaining sovereignty in 1918. From 1940 the Soviet occupation changed the language policy of the country. Together with the decrease of functional as well as regional areas where Estonian was used, the rapid rise of the status of Russian took place.

The period from the end of XIX century reflects the biggest changes in society. A number of measures were taken in order to restore the Estonian language to its rightful status.

The proclamation of Estonian as the official state language and its legalization as such by a corresponding Constitutional amendment were passed by the Supreme Council on 6 December 1988. The Language Law was passed on 18 January 1989.

Today, Estonia is a member of a number of international
organizations, and it itself affects language.

In order to develop and save the language, the “Development Plan of the Estonian Language 2011-2017” was adopted. Language management plays one of the most important roles in the development plan, which includes general language management, specialized language management, and name management.

The new Language Law was passed in 2011. It had not changed the main principles of the law.

The history of Estonian language policy and the modern situation will be
discussed further in the article.